People who have so much in assets that they can live (and support their family) with the interest they earn on those assets, and by a huge margin, not just comfortably retired people. Those are the people who get richer, at the expense of your kids. Inflationary housing expenses are a drop in the bucket when someone's assets are in the billions.
I think this only works to a point. For example the house you own will be in a weird situation if the government debt is so big it is paying all the tax revenue to pay debt. The area will likely become less desirable as people leave to go to less debt ridden places.
many aspects of business and financial planning are adversely impacted by excessive inflation. Sure, you can theoretically bake inflation hedges into any financial instrument, but a very small percentage of business and financial planning is done that way -- and the hedges also impose a cost.
Inflation is effectively a tax on savings. There is absolutely no upside, it is considered a tolerable side-effect of the Fed's employment mandate.
Untrue -- inflation hurts people at the bottom the most most certainly - but it wreaks havoc on everyone. There are other factors at plays as well -- level of inflation, current prices of assets, how people own the assets (mortgages etc).