Zero-Trust, secretless, ZTNA, BeyondCorp, A2A, AI gateway, next gen --> buzzwords
API gateway, MCP, Oauth, VPN --> not buzzwords
The defining characteristics of buzzword are that is very broad, promises "pie-in-the-sky", and almost universally under-delivered by every vendor while incurring very steep costs. In other words, the reason "zero-trust" scares people is because they have probably been burned N times but Oracle, Okta, etc. etc. incurring large costs to achieve underwhelming/non-functioning results, often times paying $$$ to solve imagined infinity-scale problems that don't even apply to the current org size, or even 10x the size.
API gateways, MCP, VPNs are tangible things that fill fairly mundane roles, it is not hard to envision how they can be used to solve real-world properties. I can easily envision dropping an "API gateway" in front of "MCP" in my stack. ZTNA however I cannot just sprinkle on my stack as if it were magic pixie dust...
It doesn't mean that ZTNA should be outright banned everywhere, but when you do use it, you need very careful to define an exact meaning expressed in terms of non-buzzword components.
API gateway, MCP, Oauth, VPN --> not buzzwords
The defining characteristics of buzzword are that is very broad, promises "pie-in-the-sky", and almost universally under-delivered by every vendor while incurring very steep costs. In other words, the reason "zero-trust" scares people is because they have probably been burned N times but Oracle, Okta, etc. etc. incurring large costs to achieve underwhelming/non-functioning results, often times paying $$$ to solve imagined infinity-scale problems that don't even apply to the current org size, or even 10x the size.
API gateways, MCP, VPNs are tangible things that fill fairly mundane roles, it is not hard to envision how they can be used to solve real-world properties. I can easily envision dropping an "API gateway" in front of "MCP" in my stack. ZTNA however I cannot just sprinkle on my stack as if it were magic pixie dust...
It doesn't mean that ZTNA should be outright banned everywhere, but when you do use it, you need very careful to define an exact meaning expressed in terms of non-buzzword components.