> How much less of a shortage of ATCs would we have now if it wasn’t for that debacle?

Probably not much, considering the biggest constraining factor is pay. For example, San Carlos airport is shutting down ATC entirely because they can't pay anyone enough to live locally to the tower: https://www.kron4.com/news/bay-area/bay-area-airport-losing-...

There would be no problem filling the seats if the compensation was handsome and attractive. But we all know how federal workers are compensated, even when lives are on the line.

My understanding is ATCs are pretty well paid. With most making 140-150, and many making up to 200k.

I could see this maybe being an issue in the bay area but outside of that area that pretty good pay.

I think a small airport/airfield in one of the most expensive areas of the country is a bit of an exceptional case. In most places ATC employees make pretty competitive/comfortable wages, so I’m not sure this is the only factor.

Starting salary is US $90,000 along with government benefits.