I’m sure the authors of this paper that was published in one of the premiere scientific journals and the authors of all of the works they cite did not consider these elementary questions whatsoever and will appreciate your insight.
Why would you ask the other commenters on Hacker News this, to try to work it out from first principles? It looked more like you were trying to cast doubt on the work these scientists have done because you’re either reflexively contrarian, think they’re making it up, or both.
If you really want to know, the paper has citations, and those references will have citations as well.