There's a reason NH is called "The Granite State."
Planning to put things underground in at least that part of New England is not likely to go very well. It can be done (plenty of places have septic tanks, for example), but it's not easy.
Unless you live in one of the few big cities in NH, you'll likely already have an Artesian (drilled) well. Swap out the pump for a variable speed pump and you should be good to go for a GSHP -- a much better option for NH vs an Air Source Heat Pump. Otherwise, it'll cost $15-20K for a well to be drilled. You get about 1-ton of heating/cooling per 100' of drilled well.
You are correct! Around here (NH) the artesian nomenclature usually means drilled vs a dug well (i.e. a covered, but relatively shallow pit that fills up with ground water). The drilled wells are usually around 300+ ft deep and have a submersible pump near the bottom that is used to fill the pressure tank.
Planning to put things underground in at least that part of New England is not likely to go very well. It can be done (plenty of places have septic tanks, for example), but it's not easy.