Thanks, interesting. Agree, the violence in SA is largely a case of "plain old crime", and I wouldn't know how to prove that it was in some way connected to Fanonian thinking - except intuitively. And also intuitively, a corrupt government that has failed massively to fulfil the expectations of its people surely is a main reason. SA is none the less still an arena where these two philosophies vie for influence, long after independence.

To nuance it further: the ANC was, if I'm not mistaken, originally heavily influenced if not part and parcel of Gandhi's pacifist movement, only to break away through the formation of Umkhonto we Sizwe, i.e. the armed branch actually founded by Nelson Mandela in the wake of the Sharpeville massacre. That said, the ANC was (and maybe still is) influenced by Gandhian thinking, and never really implemented the policy of including "soft targets" in the tactics with any enthusiasm.

I believe Nelson Mandela embodied this conflict, and more than being clearly on one side tried to balance the factions, and did so with some success. His enduring legacy in my mind is his reconciliation efforts, clearly Gandhi inspired, without which South Africa would perhaps still be embroiled in violent political conflict, a la Palestine.