I'm just speaking from a content perspective. I'm American born and raised, but often used Indian STEM textbooks to prep for STEM related AP exams as well as competition exams like USAPHo, AIMEs, etc in High School.
In my experience for STEM, JEE >>>> ICSE >> CBSE
All programs will accept the CBSE (it's exclusionary not to), but the CBSE curricula does lag.
Either way, for admissions here in the US, IB/AP+SAT would be preferred over ICSE or CBSE, and the kind of person targeting American undergraduate from India can afford to study IB+AP.
Interesting that you rank some state boards as better than CBSE. Where I'm from (Karnataka), the state board textbooks felt like they weren't nearly as rigorous or interesting as the CBSE equivalents. Any particular state boards that you're referring to?
There are also schools in India (mostly in the large metros) that directly offer the IB and Cambridge Assessments for high school. They follow the same international curriculum.
In my experience for STEM, JEE >>>> ICSE >> CBSE
All programs will accept the CBSE (it's exclusionary not to), but the CBSE curricula does lag.
Either way, for admissions here in the US, IB/AP+SAT would be preferred over ICSE or CBSE, and the kind of person targeting American undergraduate from India can afford to study IB+AP.