No, that's how a dictatorship works, not a parliamentary democracy. The prime minister/head of state may set policy, but it's still subject to an up/down vote in the parliament. In all cases I can think of, a prime minister can't unilaterally make such drastic changes without (parliamentary) referendum.
The U.S.'s federated system just makes it more explicit what's going on.
The above isn't meant as a comment - it was a question that was answered by an edit in the grandparent, but I then carelessly edited this instead of deleting it. By the time I noticed the error the edit/delete window had closed.
edit: sorry if it didn't end up as clear as it should