For Linux, look at the eBPF tools - they're really useful[0]. I've used them to troubleshoot annoying problems before, and they're far more practical to use than the usual `strace -f ./program` dance.

Troubleshooting system issues can also be done with SystemTap[1], which looks cool, but I haven't personally tried it yet.

[0]: A cool example of using them is https://www.brendangregg.com/blog/2021-08-27/slack-crashes-s....

[1]: https://www.sourceware.org/systemtap/