> Unless you have a large enough customer base and can pressure carriers into peering with you in weird places
You are confusing peering (settlement free interconnect) with interconnection points. If you wanted to build a datacenter in Finland and buy transit to reach the greater internet, it will always be cheaper to buy your own fiber to {London,Amsterdam,Frankfurt,etc} than to pay each carrier to extend their network into Finland.
> Deutsche Telekom AG in Germany does not peer at DE-CIX because they just don't want to.
This is false. DTGC is present at DE-CIX and is pushing between 10-20G of traffic. They may not want to peer with _you_, but they are peering across the exchange.
> It's also the reason why YouTube regularly stutters in the evening for DTAG customers.
You don't know that. Most YouTube traffic is served by Google Global Cache servers and doesn't transit the internet or public exchanges. DTAG may not have enough caches or capacity provisioned, but that is a decision they have made about their customers experience. Google will happily give them more cache nodes if they ask.
If you don't like DTAG's peering policies, go work there and change them. But it is completely irrelevant to the topic at hand, which is physical interconnections between datacenters and carriers.
You are confusing peering (settlement free interconnect) with interconnection points. If you wanted to build a datacenter in Finland and buy transit to reach the greater internet, it will always be cheaper to buy your own fiber to {London,Amsterdam,Frankfurt,etc} than to pay each carrier to extend their network into Finland.
> Deutsche Telekom AG in Germany does not peer at DE-CIX because they just don't want to.
This is false. DTGC is present at DE-CIX and is pushing between 10-20G of traffic. They may not want to peer with _you_, but they are peering across the exchange.
> It's also the reason why YouTube regularly stutters in the evening for DTAG customers.
You don't know that. Most YouTube traffic is served by Google Global Cache servers and doesn't transit the internet or public exchanges. DTAG may not have enough caches or capacity provisioned, but that is a decision they have made about their customers experience. Google will happily give them more cache nodes if they ask.