Carrier runways use a slingshot to launch aircraft, it's not an unaided takeoff, the runway is not long enough to develop sufficient airspeed to take off on engine power alone. By the time the engine reports a lack of airflow in the intake, it might already be too late.
The UK's carriers are "ski-jump" type, with no catapult. But for either type, the engine will typically be "run up" to full power before the aircraft starts moving.
