https://www.thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5... found "Rapid border closures, full lockdowns, and wide-spread testing were not associated with COVID-19 mortality per million people.". https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.6043... found "Stringency of the measures settled to fight pandemia, including lockdown, did not appear to be linked with death rate." https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.11.20128520v... found that social distancing mattered, but lockdowns had little effect.