The musician example would seemingly only work however, if you completely ignored the emergence of the recording and distribution industry during that time. There are multiple magnitudes fewer musicians per second of music being listened to, compared to the 19th century. That orchestra ends up on youtube these days.
Even if you take into account the emergence of recording and distribution, the effect is still present.
Musicians that record their music and sell it on CDs or Spotify have become more productive, for the reasons you state.
But concert orchestras, who are paid only for live performances, also earn more than before, even though their productivity in unchanged. If their income didn't go up, they would shift to a (more productive) recording industry job.
Concert orchestras aren't only paid for live performances, they also record, and musicians themselves flit between gigs and often wear a lot of different hats. There's a lot of cross pollination with musicians.
Right, and that is why their per-hour income from live performances (with no efficiency gains) has gone up along with their per-hour income from recorded music.
