From your link, knowledge of the standard algorithm for addition/subtraction is only requested by Grade 4, and for multiplication by Grade 5. So the Common Core standard is basically relying on a hidden assumption that students can effectively learn all the other stuff that's expected of them up to Grade 4 and 5, without truly being fluent in addition, subtraction or multiplication! (I'm aware that the standards call for "fluency" slightly earlier, but that's mere wishful thinking until you teach the standard algorithms, or some cosmetic variant thereof such as lattice multiplication.) That's what so bad about the way CC is being applied in elementary education.