(In particular, that formulation fits with what most people would call the "Hegelian dialectic.")

Yep. I get the impression from chatting with people more up on philosophy that this model has fallen into disfavor but I seem to bump into real-world examples of it all the time.

It moved over to the other humanities domains. Every philosophical "criticism" (art, literary, feminist, media, cultural, etc) stems from Hegel. The latest trend is Zizek.