And even if they don’t know the words, they have internalized the learning methods to quickly ingest characters. Chinese classes go from learning barely 200-500 characters in a semester at the introductory level to that much in a week by your third or so year.
Wellll...I don't know Chinese and have never studied in China, so I can't speculate in that domain. But I wouldn't be so quick to infer specific techniques from their memorization speed -- they're fluent in a very similar written language, and it's much faster to learn things (in any language) when you're fluent. They also grew up in a...well, let's call it a memorization-intensive learning environment.
The only things I can say with confidence are:
* focus on words
* learning words becomes faster in *any* language as you gain proficiency
* learning radicals helps you recognize kanji, and is a good thing to do
That's really my complete set of advice on the subject.
