"The uniform, free surface, turbulent water flows down an inclined, wide, rectangular
open channel may become unstable spontaneously, if some sufficient conditions
are satisfied. As a result, steady hydraulic conditions are interrupted, including the
water depth (or pressure) and flow velocity. When the channel is sufficiently long,
the small instabilities on the water surface will develop to a series of intermittent
shock-like waves separated by sections of the gradually varying flow."
"The uniform, free surface, turbulent water flows down an inclined, wide, rectangular open channel may become unstable spontaneously, if some sufficient conditions are satisfied. As a result, steady hydraulic conditions are interrupted, including the water depth (or pressure) and flow velocity. When the channel is sufficiently long, the small instabilities on the water surface will develop to a series of intermittent shock-like waves separated by sections of the gradually varying flow."