Have you taken linear algebra? It gives a structure for solving systems of linear equations and the parent post is noting that the game state is a linear function of which squares you've pressed, when considering the states of a square as either one or zero and doing arithmetic mod 2. So the standard techniques of linear algebra can solve this system, such as Gaussian elimination. However, you still have to write down the large matrix that encodes what each square does (an n x n board will need an n^2 x n^2 matrix which shows how each square affects all the others once pressed). Then you solve that system.

For this particular game there is probably a more intuitive way to directly solve it.