Not to ding that board at all (because it is quite nice), but adding on a power adapter (like Pico PSU for $30) and a cheap NVMe SSD (Kingston for $20) brings it up to $175—which is not that much more than the $127 entry for the 4GB Pi option—but it is closer to a $200 price point.
The overall build footprint will also be larger, and you'll have to pick up a set of SATA cables ($10 or so for four) and possibly a case or bracket to support the drives ($10-20).
It does have 16 GB of RAM (Pi tops out at 8GB for $147), the CPU is faster, and it has 4x 2.5 GbE which is a huge upgrade!
But I wouldn't quite put a mini ITX motherboard in the same price class, even though it's a better all-round board for a 'homelab in one box' type of setup.
n100 will also last longer and be more reliable. You can run regular linux distro and it will be supported forever as it's x86. You will get better performance with the NAS too (6 drives can go pretty fast!)
I know GoWin has started releasing some boxes with 10 and even 25 GbE adapters, it'd be nice if all manufacturers were able to add on 2.5 + 10 GbE, since modern low-end chips can finally get those speeds.
The hardware minimums are real, and the complexity floor is significant. Do not deploy Ceph unless you mean it.
I started considering alternatives when my NAS crossed 100 TB of HDDs, and when a scary scrub prompted me to replace all the HDDs, I finally pulled the trigger. (ZFS resilvered everything fine, but replacing every disk sequentially gave me a lot of time to think.) Today I have far more HDD capacity and a few hundred terabytes of NVMe, and despite its challenges, I wouldn't dare run anything like it without Ceph.
No individual connection other than like a cr tral storage server needs 100gbe, at least for me, but a 100gbe backplane is good for a lot of 1gbe poe devices as an example. With residential fiber/coax reaching 5gb, 1gb is not enough.
> You can purchase Outposts servers capacity for a three-year term and choose between three payment options: All Upfront, Partial Upfront, and No Upfront. … At the end of your Outposts servers term, you can either renew your subscription and keep your Outposts server(s), or return your Outposts server(s). If you do not notify AWS of your selection before the end of your term, your Outposts server(s) will be renewed on a monthly basis, at the rate of the No Upfront payment option corresponding to your Outposts server configuration.
> You can purchase Outposts rack capacity for a 3-year term … either renew your subscription and keep your existing Outposts rack(s), or return your Outposts rack(s)
> Furthermore, as Cloudflare Tunnel requires the installation of the 'cloudflared' client, defenders can detect its use by monitoring file hashes associated with client releases.
Is this effective? Presumably attackers could `go build` their own binaries to get equivalent clients with different hashes, or even combine the open-source `cloudflared` internals with a larger payload.
That's definitely true. What we saw in the instances we've observed were the legit binaries from Cloudflared directly. It's definitely possible for them to build their own varients to avoid basic hash detection, or to implement alternative connectivity instead of routing to Cloudflared infrastructure over 7844.
Residential power here for single family homes -- the type which could reasonably do what you suggest -- is almost always single phase 120/240V. As an upper bound, let's consider 400A service. (Most homes have services smaller than 400A, and even 400A service is typically delivered to a pair of smaller panels to keep conductor and busbar sizes manageable.) Such heaters would be considered continuous loads, reducing the 400A service to 320A of current. Resistive heaters are a linear load, so we can multiply 240V * 320A to get 76.8 kW at maximum.
Hitting 76 kW is wildly impractical. Exceeding 100 kW is nonsense.
Corning invented a particular kind of borosilicate glass about a hundred years ago and called it PYREX™. They left the consumer goods market about twenty years ago, divesting the brand. Nowadays that name might refer to either borosilicate glass or to soda lime glass.
> Whether Pyrex switched from using borosilicate glass to tempered soda lime glass only after Corning sold the brand to World Kitchen in 1998.
…
> In a January 2011 article on glass bakeware, Consumer Reports stated that they were unable to determine exactly when major U.S. manufacturers (including Pyrex) switched
I guess I'm showing my "hobbyist" bias, because I was looking at Digikey-pricing quantity 1, not bulk prices, with my discussion earlier. So that's still in the general price range (XMC1 is similar to STM32L0). Not that the price point matters too much, but just trying to keep things apples-to-apples here.
But the 1.8 to 5.5V support and 50mA is _definitely_ impressive. Its not very common in my experience to see such a wide voltage range on an ARM chip (though it is somewhat common in PIC / AVR / 8051 8-bit uCs).
I'd still say that AVR DB has the advantage though, because 3x OpAmps can do so so much. The marketing page for that XMC1 shows off a SMPS DC-DC voltage converter for example with the XMC1 50ns comparator. Certainly nifty but...
I'll one up that with a true-and-proper DAC and a rail-to-rail OpAmp controlled by the AVR DB series. (The cheaper AVR DD also has a DAC, but is missing the OpAmp). There's just things you can do with a 5MHz OpAmp / analog control that you can't do as well with digital logic. I'm willing to bet that the current control / response time off of the 5MHz OpAmp from the AVR DB will beat the pants off of any digital logic the XMC1 tries to do.
And while 50mA is huge, the most I've seen in this class of chips... the AVR DB OpAmp is specified for ~30mA current source / sink. So while its smaller than the 50mA pins of the XMC1, its still rather strong.
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> The upshot there would be high commonality with XMC4 (Cortex-M4F), and general commonality with other Arm platforms.
Yeah, that's definitely the biggest advantage to ARM in general. It scales really high.
8-bit MCUs scale lower though... down to 32B, bytes (not kB) of RAM... and other such designs. This ~$1 to $3 price point is really a battle between "the biggest 8-bits" (PIC/AVR/8051) and "the smallest 32-bits aka ARM" (with TI being weird with a 16-bit MSP430 sitting comfortable)
If you're thinking of "scaling down" to sub $1 (or more importantly: lower power designs), 8-bit wins. If you're thinking of "scaling up" to $10 (or higher-power, more CPU-intensive designs), 32-bit wins.
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EDIT: Honestly, the coolest thing about this XMC1 seems to be the LED controls at the XMC1202 chip, closer to the $3 price point. The XMC1100 are a bit feeble / low end and weaker than the 8-bits I'm familiar with at its ~$2ish price point.
9-channels of LED with 12-bit exponential voltage controls means you can probably offer a full 32-bit color off of those RGB LEDs. And with 50mA per pin, you can probably just drive those LEDs without any resistors.
EDIT: Ah, looks like 50mA pins are the "high current" pins. Only 6 high current pins on the XMC1100. The other I/O pins are 10mA. So resistors are still needed, but that's still a lot of nifty control for those LEDs.
That reminds me of https://jaycarlson.net/microcontrollers/ "$1 microcontrollers" with all of the weird and wonderful variations. Probably not actually $1 after the chipaeddon tho.
Yeah, its those stories hitting the top of Hacker News that got me looking at modern uCs again, and thinking of a hobby-project to do with 2022-era tools.
That page is still a bit out-of-date now. 2022-era uCs have taken a sizable step forward compared to 2018-era... though inflation / chipaeddon has made everything more expensive.
But peripherals, power-usage, Flash/SRAM, etc. etc. are all getting better across the board. Its just one of those 'tredmills', you can never really be an expert on the market, cause the market of chips keeps changing so quickly.
Oh, chipaggedon... I was few weeks off trying the assembly service (think it was on seeed studio?) of small dev board, and then I realized near nothing I had on it was still in stock. Even managed to run Rust on the previous breadboard iteration of the project.
Year and half later I got all the parts finally delivered...
> But peripherals, power-usage, Flash/SRAM, etc. etc. are all getting better across the board. Its just one of those 'tredmills', you can never really be an expert on the market, cause the market of chips keeps changing so quickly.
Sure but you can stay on same chip family for 10+ years and just grab new part when you need features. Especially on hobbyist level there isn't that much reason to chase the latest and greated
Cook County MN is a little over 3000 square miles, half of which is water, and has a population a little over 5000 people. I own a patch of forest there. It has gigabit fiber service.
The local power company is a co-op because none of the usual power companies wanted to serve the area. About twenty years ago the co-op decided that this whole "internet" thing is probably not a fad, and they started pulling fiber everywhere through their existing utility corridors whenever they had to touch something. It was a good idea. It is _intensely_ rural, yet high speed internet access is now ubiquitous.
https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256806198066931.html
The N100 processor offers 2-3x the performance and lots of additional PCIe lanes compared to a Raspberry Pi 5 despite having half the TDP (6W vs 12W).