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Obviously Catalonia is a part of Spain, they are Spanish, while Portugal and France are different countries.


FWIW, I think some Catalans have a very different opinion.


Regardless of how they might feel, they're still Spanish (hold a Spanish passport), so it's a true fact. I also take issue with you claiming that all Catalans feel this way, that's largely untrue.

That being said, both terms "Castilian Spanish" and "Catalan Spanish" sound weird to me. Source: I'm both a Catalan and Spanish speaker. In my languages, they're both referred as "Castellano" o "Catalan".

I'd appreciate that people referred to these languages either as Catalan or Spanish, no need for unnecessary qualifiers. (Spanish is, unlike English, a completely centralized language. No need to make geographical distinctions.)


> I also take issue with you claiming that all Catalans feel this way, that's largely untrue.

There are literally 10 words in my comment and you couldn't even read all of them?


Sorry for misreading, didn't notice the 'some'.


> Spanish is, unlike English, a completely centralized language. No need to make geographical distinctions.

So you'd say there are no distinctions worth noting between the Spanish spoken in any Spanish-speaking Latin American country and the Spanish spoken in Spain?


Most of the times, for most of the speakers, there is no need to make a distinction.

Why would any one feel it's important to say they went to Sydney and spoke to the peoples of Australia in Australian English?


I'd say that, for example, there are significant enough pronunciation (and in a few cases, vocabulary) differences between Portuguese in Portugal vs Brazil.

From experience, learning one is not the same as the other.

So there are definitely contexts where these differences matter.


There are contexts where the differences matter, but not in the vast majority of contexts (especially the OP's context).


> they're still Spanish

Isn't Catalan the official language of Andorra?

"Catalan Spanish" makes as much sense as "Basque Spanish". It sounds like an English translation of "catañol".


Yes, but when people refer to "Catalan people", they refer to people from Catalunya, Spain, not Andorra.


Then, they can declare an independence war, and win that war. They can't have their cake and eat it.

Something that not even the most stubborn separatists want to do, while enjoying the special treatment of "I feel oppressed under the weight of all this Spanish fiscal benefits that other Spaniards don't have".

Until that war happens, saying I'm not Spanish, I'm from Catalonia, is like an American native from Oklahoma saying "I don't feel like an USA citizen, so I will not pay taxes but I will keep all the benefits, freedom of movement, etc that they have". Yes you are and US citizen. Feelings are irrelevant from a legal point of view. Stop acting like a child. After 20 years repeating the same dumb lie, is frankly annoying for the rest of us.


“A language is a dialect with an army and navy”

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_language_is_a_dialect_with...


You may have a Perovskia growing in the garden also. The brothers left their print.


The shape of the earth depends on your speed

If you walk slow the earth looks like a plane

If you go faster the earth looks like a sphere

If you travel really fast the earth looks like a dot. A tiny blue one.


Eels were fish.

They will go extinct in XXI century. Most members of the family like the critically endangered European Eel are being eaten to extinction. Some studies claim that a 98% of the population of European eels alive in 1970, has vanished. Almost one of each two eels sold in USA as food belongs to this species.

Everybody were sharing recipes until the last one.


1) There are species of small "catfishes" (on Asia or Australia if I remember correctly) known to climb waterfalls in rainforests. We are talking about > 100m long fully vertical waterfalls.

2) In fact, they aren't catfishes. Belong to a big family of mainly marine fishes called gobies. Totally different orders. Should be named climbing gobies.

3) They do it for the same reason as Salmons do: to reproduce in freshwater.

4) But unlike salmons they don't swim or jump. They climb the slippery rock wall like a freestyle climber, using the suction cups in their belly that gobies have (pelvic fins transformed), and their other fins and tail to propel

5) Somebody filmed those fishes climbing.


The article says "Rochedo, Brazil" so South American rainforests, in this case.

These species are "restricted to fresh water in South America" source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudopimelodidae#Distribution


Hum, yep. You are right, Pseudopimelodidae are catfishes. I was thinking in the Hawaiian climbing goby.


Evolutive convergence with gobies is interesting

Also interesting is the presence of Ancistrus and Hypostomus in the mix of climbing fishes. Many people keeping aquariums breed this fishes at home. The first can lay eggs and care for the fry, the second is very difficult to breed.


> What can be done to reduce leakage?

Do we really want that? Thousands of people are being killed each year by heat strokes. Keeping those trees alive by its environmental services is much more valuable in terms of lives and also energy saved. Maples have soft big leaves but also reduce the asphalt temperature by 5-10 degrees. If required just plant a tree species that can live with less water.


Just for context, because sometimes we need to remind basic facts.

The Geneva Conventions are international laws that establish international legal standards for humanitarian treatment in war since 1864. They extensively define the basic rights of wartime prisoners, civilians and military personnel.

A war crime is a violation of the laws of war. War crimes include shooting on disarmed civilians, denying medical treatment, food or water to captive wounded soldiers from the enemy, or deliberately starving people to death.

Israel MUST provide reasonable medical care to civilians wounded by its army, because this is required by the international laws and treaties signed previously by Israel.


FYI, taking hostages is prohibited by Geneva Conventions. Firing of thousands of rockets basically only at the civilian targets too.

And actually, Geneva Conventions don't really apply to a military action against a Gazan terrorist organisation that is committed to genocide.


Two wrongs don't make a right

The second claim is interesting because avoiding to declare formally a war has been a common trick for decades to bypass the Geneva Conventions. The legal category of Crimes against humanity still apply in those cases.


Most probably not - but there is also absolutely no need for chivalry if your opponent doesn't stick to any rules.

The point was not the war declaration or the lack of it - the point is - if someone announces he's going to kill you and then does basically everything to prove that it's not a bluff and no one else is stopping him, then you're allowed to do whatever it takes to save your life.


> You're allowed to do whatever it takes to save your life.

Not. Individuals and countries work in a different way. Humanitarian International laws are not optative if you want to be accepted by the international community. The "convenience" of assassinating journalists, physicians or nurses routinely is not debatable.

The new generations breastfeed with videogames and blockbusters forget sometimes that war has rules and laws. Created for the benefit of ALL parts involved. To follow this laws is good for you. Ignore them at your own risk.

Israel in my stupid opinion should erase this silly smirks on TV, show some humility and stop pretending that they live in an alternate reality. Their bad choices and reckless behaviour had destroyed lots of sympathy all around the planet, and this is not wise.

Not if you still want tourism. Not specially when you depend on a protector that is driving directly towards an economical recession; and could find more and more difficult to justify the need to allocate precious resources to support you, while their own citizens struggle to survive.

They should work hard to rebuild the broken relationships. Smiling because you bought the big politicians only works while they remain in power. European politicians are slowly waking up to the fact that supporting a genocide is expensive and a fast path to the unemployment queue. The people is really furious about this.


Hiding it is the wrong way. Nobody cares about kids having stupid ideas. Erasing the entry closes the opportunity of providing a reasonable explanation and showing repent, that in fact could help highlight the candidate among other.

If employers still care... is a red flag. The case tells about a person that 1) has anger problems, 2) never mastered any skills valued by employers, and 3) never cultured friends wanting to vouch for him.

In sum, not the type that employers enjoy as coworker. Newspapers aren't necessarily the problem here.


> Erasing the entry closes the opportunity of providing a reasonable explanation and showing repent, that in fact could help highlight the candidate among other.

If someone does a crime, goes to jail or does whatever punishment is mandated by a court, have they not already “repented”?


> They're trying to create personal social interaction with a non-person without real intelligence, conscience or morals.

So, they rediscovered Internet trolls?


Temporary grants is just fattening the goose.

The government should buy the land instead (paying generously) to anybody wanting to sell it voluntarily. Or maybe propose a system of green legacy for old people wanting to assure that their favorite properties are cared forever as wild areas after they die. sort of "If you wish, you can let part of your land to National Parks, and we will create a forever forest called after your own name. Also here are some tax benefits for your last years". That would create a lot of new opportunities of business for everybody around the place. And this in turn would attract and fix young families to this areas.

Then should try to build corridors between national parks with this donations. We can also dream about a new National Park, but a corridor can deliver also in much less space.

The problem usually is the cattle pushing to take every inch of the land


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