This article is great: hard data from someone who is actually doing it.
The way solar panel prices are going, my suspicion is that the most economical way to get a reliable home system is to massively over specify the solar array so it puts out a decent amount of power on the worst possible day. The electronics would be sized to account for your maximum usage, even if that means dumping energy when the array output exceeds what you need. A battery would be sized to simply last overnight, on the assumption that the oversized solar array will be able to fully recharge it the next day whatever the weather. It would only be worth upgrading the electronics/battery if a buyer/money earner could be found for the excess capacity. I need to do the numbers to see if this hypothesis is true.
As someone who lives on grid, but barely... in that I lose power many times per year and have had week+ outage's.
I believe you are mostly right with the addition of
* shift power consumption to summer months.
* wood heat in the winter and electric air conditioning in the summer.
* electric-expensive hobbies in the summer (e.g. welding)
* with low winter consumption, multi day battery operation becomes feasible
* small dual fuel generator and a propane tank to recharge the battery bank in emergencies and extended outages with little solar production
They were required for most early BASIC interpreters. They acted as a label for goto statements and determined the listing/execution order. From memory, the TRS-80 (and similar) would immediately execute a statement without a line number, but would store a statement with a line number.
To elaborate on that: They were the handle on the code lines, for anything.
You would often use the line number to either edit a given line number,
or to remove it.
'Clever' people would even do mis-guided arithmetic on them, e.g.
They were also how you edited your program in the absence of a coding editor. You'd type LIST to see your current program, type a new line with the same number to replace an existing line, or a new line with a new number to insert it numerically, etc.
Dartmouth BASIC was designed for teletype-style, hard-copy printing terminals, rather than video displays. Conveniently your whole session was printed out, so you could take your email and program listing home with you. Line-by line editing was practical for printing terminals, and line-by-line I/O scaled well across multiple terminals on a timesharing system.
Line editing also worked well on microcomputers with cursor movement (like the C64) - you could edit code in place just by overtyping and hitting "return" for the appropriate line.
On a slightly unrelated note, teletypes date back to the 19th century telegraph (and typewriter) era.
And still exist and are heavily used today, RTTY is built into most HF radios, and most militaries still use radio teletype, but encrypted and often at a different bandwidth.
And it was an absolute pain if you had to insert a new statement, but didn't have enough space left between line numbers. You had to retype the offending lines with new line numbers.
Dartmouth BASIC had a renumber command. I believe that line renumbering commands and/or utilities were commonly available for microcomputer BASICs as well.
Some BASICs had a RENUM command. They were a bit of a pain as well. As you wrote your program you got to know which line numbers were associated with which statements. Doing a RENUM meant having to relearn the "meaning" of each line number. I'm pretty sure my VZ-200 didn't have the RENUM command.
Yes, most Microsoft ROM BASICs at least 8K in size had the renum command. It was still a pain because you had to figure out the start, end and skip values.
Common practice was to increment line numbers by 10 instead of 1. Would give a bit of wiggle room to add more lines in later without having to renumber everything else.
Any Australian buyers should be able to get an instant refund under consumer law (goods not as advertised). For those who don't want a refund and have the time and energy, fun could be had with the consumer law around "Unfair contract terms" [1].
At one point Francis said "The Patriarch cannot become Putin’s altar boy", in reference to Kirill, the leader of the Russian Orthodox Church [1]. Maybe Francis recognised that working to get Kirill to temper his support for Putin would be more effective than his own public condemnation, which might allow propagandists to whip up a Western vs. Orthodox religious frenzy to unify Russians behind Putin?
We also emulated the British centralised model, with the Weapons Research Establishment. Like the British, Australia struggled to get research out of these centralised labs and into products: computing (CISRAC, 5th computer), satellites (WREsat, 7th nation in space), ...
What's the battery durability like with 5 minute flash charging? EV makers quote durability and charging speed, but gloss over the fact that it's typically "either/or" because fast charging normally reduces the life of a battery (as can charging to 100%). Does the charging speed outweigh impact on battery life in this case?
Current electric cars work well because you can fill them at home, reserving the need to fast charge to 100% for special occasions. If you have a home charger there's no need to stick to the same refueling regime as a petrol car, so there's limited advantage in being able to "treat the car like a petrol car".
5 minute charging is good, but put it in context until we have "perfect" batteries that have no significant limitations.
Not everyone is a home owner where they can have chargers. Many people in Europe live in apartments and use street parking so charging points are sparse.
2) "very fast charging" should not be the default, it should be rare. It's there to answer the other concern: "But what if I want to road trip?".
As you say, the default is overnight at home or during the day at office or a mall, with the software giving you that "topped up as specified, every morning", that's better than what an a ICE vehicle can provide.
You can decide for yourself how valid these concerns really are, and to what extent EV critics like to inflate them beyond what's real. But nevertheless, they are being addressed.
Related, the ambulance system where I live has been running a clinical trail using a mobile ECMO unit (Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) [1,2]. An invasive procedure that oxygenates and pumps blood. It's boosted survival rate for those who are not responding to CPR (15-20 minutes duration) from 3% to 28%. The general CPR survival rate is an exponential looking curve: starting around 20%, reducing to 10% at 10 minutes and 3% at 20 minutes [3].
Heard Island and McDonald Islands, two Australian territories inhabited only by penguins, get singled out for a 10% tariff.
Norfolk Island, an Australian community of 3000 with no exports to the US, gets its own 29% tariff. They're expecting a tourism boost from the publicity.
Now what the underlying items are that were traded? Not sure. Guessing you can dig it up in AES https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/aes/index.html but have not been able to figure that out. Let me know if you do.
Nah, they just went down the Wikipedia list of places that trade with the US. This is how Réunion winds up on there, despite being actually part of France.
That might be the case with places like the UK which has a trade deficit with the US but still gets taxed at 10%. I feel however the penguins put up an obvious non tariff barrier by only accepting fish rather than hard currency.
Norfolk Island is part of Australia. Logically it would be swept up in the 10% tariff on Australia. It has no exports to the US, that being the US government's justification for tariffs over 10%, let alone an individual 29% tariff.
A comparison would be another country putting a 10% tariff on the US, but singling out Rhode Island for its own 29% tariff.
The way solar panel prices are going, my suspicion is that the most economical way to get a reliable home system is to massively over specify the solar array so it puts out a decent amount of power on the worst possible day. The electronics would be sized to account for your maximum usage, even if that means dumping energy when the array output exceeds what you need. A battery would be sized to simply last overnight, on the assumption that the oversized solar array will be able to fully recharge it the next day whatever the weather. It would only be worth upgrading the electronics/battery if a buyer/money earner could be found for the excess capacity. I need to do the numbers to see if this hypothesis is true.
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